Species, variety and origin describe different things. World Coffee Research notes that most historic Arabica varieties descend from Typica and Bourbon; later breeding introduced rust-resistant varieties and, more recently, genetically diverse F1 hybrids. Robusta has broad genetic diversity rooted in western sub-Saharan Africa. A variety name can indicate genetic and agronomic potential, but it does not by itself guarantee cup quality.
What the offer should state
- Species and exact variety or cultivar
- Country, region, farm or producer group
- Crop year and lot traceability
- Altitude and growing environment
- Processing method and drying approach
- Sample code matched to the written specification
Buyer takeaway
Treat a variety name as one verified field, not as a quality certificate. Cup the representative sample and assess it together with origin, process, sorting, moisture, storage history and landed cost.